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1801 - 18101801 Union Jack official British flag June 29: First census puts the population of England and Wales at 9,168,000 – population of Britain nearly 11 million (75 per cent rural) 1802 March 27: Treaty of Amiens signed by Britain, France, Spain, and the
Netherlands – the "Peace of Amiens," as it was known, brought a
temporary peace of 14 months during the Napoleonic Wars – one of its most
important cultural effects was that travel and correspondence across the English
Channel became possible again Charlotte Dundas on Clyde, first practical steamship, built by William
Symington First British Factory Act 1803 Invention of paper-making machine (Foudrinier) Peace of Amiens ends on 12 May – resumption of war with France – The
Napoleonic Wars (1803-18l5) William Cobbett began unofficial publication of Parliamentary reports
(taken over by Hansard report in 1811) First publication of Debrett's Peerage by John Debrett Early locomotive constructed by Richard Trevithick First public railway opens (Wandsworth to Croydon) Semaphore signalling perfected by Admiral Popham Commissioners for Highland Roads and Bridges created in Scotland 1804 Richard Tievithick runs his railway engine on the Penydarren Railway in
Wales December 12: Spain declares war on Britain 1805 October 21: Admiral Nelson's victory at Trafalgar 1806 Earliest Primitive Methodist registers 1807 March 25: Parliament passes Act prohibiting slavery and the importation
of slaves from 1808 – but does not prohibit colonial slavery July 13: 'Hot Wednesday' – temperature of 101°F in the shade
recorded in London Gas lighting in London streets 1808 Peninsular War (1808-1814) 1809 Birth of Charles Darwin 1810 Bible Christians denomination formed by schism in Wesleyan Methodists
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