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1861 - 18701861 American Civil War begins April 7: Third full British Census December 15: Prince Albert dies 1863 Football Association founded London's first Underground Railway opens 1864 Civil Registration in Ireland starts Civil Registration of marriages in Isle of Man starts 1865 End of American Civil War – slavery abolished in USA William Booth founds Salvation Army 1867 Dominion of Canada founded The Second Reform Bill – vote given to town householders 1868 Last British election for which Poll Books available In 1868 the last shipment of convicts from Britain
landed in Australia. Since 1787, when the First Fleet set off for Australia with 759
convicts on board, Britain had used transportation as a punishment for convicted
prisoners. Often they had been imprisoned for debt or other comparatively minor
infractions of the law. These convicts became the backbone of Britain's Australian
colonies, which had a population of 1 million by 1850. In 1901 the colonies became states
of the Commonwealth of Australia. 1869 November 18: Suez Canal opens Cutty Sark launched Ballbearings, celluloid, Carbon paper, margarine, washing machine all invented 1870 GPO takes over the privately-owned Telegraph Companies October 1: First British postcard – halfpenny post Board Schools start attempting to impose consistent spelling Dr. Thomas Barnardo opens his first home for destitute children
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